Fogging test for testing for outgassing low-volatility organic compounds from plastics and other materials. Check your material for the formation of unwanted deposits on surfaces such as windscreens using precise test methods. Find out more now!
Fogging is a phenomenon that occurs in vehicle interiors when low-volatility organic compounds (FOG) escape from plastics, textiles, foams or other non-metallic materials and condense on colder surfaces, such as the windshield. These compounds condense and leave behind an often sticky, greasy layer that can impair visibility - an effect known as "fogging". This problem is not only visually distracting, but can also significantly compromise driving safety, especially in poor weather conditions or at night when a clear view through the windshield is essential.
In order to assess the fogging properties of materials in the vehicle interior, the so-called fogging test is carried out. In this test, the material to be tested is heated, causing volatile components to escape. These then condense on a colder surface and are subsequently quantified. There are two main methods, one of which is typically used :
Gravimetric method: this measures the increase in weight caused by the condensation of the volatiles on a previously weighed plate. This method provides precise information about the amount of outgassing compounds and gives the fogging value as a mass in milligrams. Typical results are in the range of 2 to 5 mg, with values below 2 mg being considered particularly good.
Reflectometric method: With this method, the light reflection of the surface is measured after the condensed compounds have condensed there. A high reflectance value, expressed as a percentage, indicates that the surface is less affected by fogging. A reflectance of over 80% is considered optimal.
The fogging test is crucial to ensure the quality and safety of materials in the vehicle interior. Manufacturers of vehicle parts and materials use this test to ensure that their products meet the strict requirements for low-emission materials and that there are no potential safety risks due to reduced visibility in the vehicle.
In the automotive industry in particular, testing for fogging is an essential step in meeting the requirements of the various car manufacturers. Many leading car manufacturers, such as the BMW Group, Daimler, Volkswagen and Ford, use the method to ensure that the materials used do not cause unwanted outgassing.
In addition, the fogging test not only helps to avoid visual problems, but also supports compliance with environmental and health regulations. This is because the test allows low-emission and therefore more environmentally friendly materials to be identified and used.
